Expandable polystyrene (EPS) and polystyrene (PS)

NEW YORK (ICIS)–The ISM US Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) improved to 48.4 in November – up 1.9 points from 46.5 in October, but remains in contraction (below 50) for the eighth consecutive month, and 24 out of the last 25 months. The November reading “was above expectations and although still contractionary, welcome news”, said Kevin Swift, ICIS senior economist for global chemicals. However, the “rolling recession” in manufacturing continues, he added. Only three sectors out of 18 expanded and the chemical industry again was not one of them. Overall manufacturing production rose 0.6 points to 46.8, a less contractionary reading. New orders moved up to a slightly expansionary 50.4 reading, but order backlogs contracted at a faster pace – a 41.8 reading, down 0.5 points from October. Both new orders and order backlogs, when combined with the reading on inventories, are good indicators of future activity, Swift pointed out. The inventories reading fell to 41.8 versus 42.6 in October. With still contracting inventories, an uptick in orders could translate into higher production, he noted. “Demand remains weak, as companies prepare plans for 2025 with the benefit of the election cycle ending. Suppliers continue to have capacity, with lead times improving, but some product shortages are reappearing,” said Swift. “Customers’ inventories were deemed at the ‘too low’ level which could be positive for future new orders. Prices, however, eased back towards stable levels. Prices are sensitive to changes in supply and demand, and tend to provide a leading signal,” he added. High mortgage rates continue to hamper demand for new housing construction, which is a key market for adhesives and sealants, one respondent in Chemical Products noted. EUROPE WEAK, CHINA IMPROVESMeanwhile, in Europe the HCOB Eurozone Manufacturing PMI put together and released by S&P Global contracted further to 45.2 in November versus 46.0 in October, marking the 29th consecutive month of contraction. The Caixin China General Manufacturing PMI released by S&P Global saw an improvement to 51.5 in November from 50.3 in October – its second consecutive month of expansion.

02-Dec-2024

LONDON (ICIS)–Eurozone business activity fell in November with confidence in the year-ahead outlook also weakening. The decline in output came as business activity in the service sector decreased for the first time in 10 months to join manufacturing in contraction territory, S&P Global said in its flash Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) report. The Hamburg Commercial Bank (HCOB) composite and services business activity indexes both hit a 10-month low, with manufacturing and manufacturing output at two-month lows, according to survey data collected 12-20 November. HCOB PMI Indexes Nov Oct Composite Output 48.1 50.0 Services Business Activity 49.2 51.6 Manufacturing Output 45.1 45.8 Manufacturing 45.2 46.0 A figure above 50 in the index indicates expansion, and below 50 contraction. “For the first time since the opening month of the year, both monitored sectors saw output decrease in November as services joined manufacturing in contraction,” S&P said. Business sentiment for the year ahead fell sharply and was the lowest since September 2023, mainly driven by the service sector where optimism fell to a two-year low. Cyrus de la Rubia, chief economist at HCOB, said recent political events may have been a factor in the weaker business performance. “It is no surprise really, given the political mess in the biggest eurozone economies lately – France's government is on shaky ground, and Germany's heading for early elections,” the economist said. “Throw in the election of Donald Trump as US president, and it is no wonder the economy is facing challenges. Businesses are just navigating by sight.” In the UK, business activity also fell in November to end a 12-month period of sustained expansion. All  the PMI indicators were down from the previous month, with a sustained drop in private sector employment amid weaker business optimism and rising cost inflation.

22-Nov-2024

– 4 LNG terminals expected – 10 gas power plants proposed – Robust growth market for LNG SINGAPORE (ICIS) –The Philippines is considered a robust growth point of LNG demand in Asia. It has a population of 115.8 million, densely concentrated around major city clusters that also drive the country's fast economic growth and industrialization. Natural gas plays a significant role in the Philippines' economy, especially in the energy sector, followed by industrial and transportation – 98% of Philippines’ gas supply goes to the power sector. Natural gas-fired power generation accounts for around 21% of the total energy mix in the Philippines. ICIS estimates the Philippines' power demand will grow at a rate around 6.7%. The primary source of natural gas supply in the Philippines has been the Malampaya Gas Field, which accounts for more than 99% of domestic production. Operational since October 2001, the offshore gas field has been declining from 2022 and is estimated to be depleted by early 2027. Consequently, imported LNG has emerged as an option to fuel the country's energy transition, backfilling the domestic supply gap and fulfilling fast-rising gas demand. Philippines began to import LNG in 2023 and received 17 cargoes for 2024 by the time of this article. ICIS Foresight expects the country’s LNG imports for 2024 to reach 1.17 million tonnes, twice as much its 2023 imports. Currently Philippines has two LNG receiving terminals. The first LNG project, Philippines LNG (PHLNG) operated by Singapore's AG&P, uses the ADNOC's Ish as a storage unit and onshore regasification equipment to supply gas to San Miguel Global Power’s 1,278 MW Ilijan CCPP (combined cycle power plant). The second terminal, Batangas FSRU (floating storage and regasification unit) owned by utility First Gen uses the BW Batangas and fires four nearby power plants. The country has four upcoming LNG terminals that will come online through 2025-2026, adding a total regasification capacity of 10.72mpta. The government envisions another 3.98mpta LNG capacity to meet supply requirement by 2050. Construction for more gas power plants are also on the way. As of March 2023, Luzon alone has 10 gas to power project proposals, which will add 10.2GW electricity generation capacity accumulatively. (Yuanda Wang in Shanghai contributed to this article)

22-Nov-2024

HOUSTON (ICIS)–Recently released data from the US International Trade Commission shows imports of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) scrap have reached record highs, following a slight dip the previous quarter. This is in spite of recent efforts from the US Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) to shift imports of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (R-PET) flake material away from the plastic scrap harmonized schedule (HS) code and towards the PET HS code. Imports and exports of other types of plastic scrap remain relatively steady quarter on quarter (QoQ), though Canada and Mexico continue to fade as trade partners for plastic scrap. US remains a net importer of plastic scrap, largely on PET scrap imports PET scrap imported into US increased 22% QoQ YTD PET scrap exports to Mexico surpass 2023 volumes IMPORTS SURGE, LARGELY DRIVEN BY PETQ3 2024 trade data from the US Census Bureau shows US imports of plastic scrap – noted by the HS code 3915 – have increased 12% QoQ quarter on quarter, and 11% year on year when comparing with Q3 2023. Plastic scrap imports include items such as used bottles, but also other forms of recycled feedstock such as purge, leftover pairings and also flake material. Imports totalled 129,137 tonnes in Q3, with PET making up 54% of that volume at 70,094 tonnes. This is the highest volume of PET scrap ever imported in a single quarter. Year to date (YTD) volume at 191,738 tonnes remains just shy of the 2023 total amount, 204,278. Demand for R-PET flake was solid throughout Q3, especially as ocean freight rates began to normalize from late spring highs. Moreover, the Q3 typically is the peak in bottled beverage demand, the largest end market for US R-PET resin. At this same time, market players noted that domestic PET bottle bale feedstocks were surprisingly limited in availability, adding to the increased interest in supplementary imported flake feedstocks for recyclers. Though this data could be impacted in the near future due to recent efforts from US Customs who have directed several market players to use the virgin PET HS code, 3907, when importing flake. Market players have traditionally used the plastic scrap code as it is a duty free item, whereas the PET code carries a 6.5% duty, unless the country of origin has a free trade agreement with the US. The top countries who have sent PET scrap to the US include Canada, Thailand and Japan, respectively. While Canada makes up 24% of PET scrap imports alone, of the top 10 origin countries, those based in Asia make up 44% of all PET scrap import volumes, followed by those in the Latin American region at 15%. Market participants confirm they have seen a notable rise in imported R-PET activity from Asia and Latin America, particularly due to their cost-competitive position when it comes to feedstock, labor and facility costs related to R-PET. As more imports from Asian and Latin American countries continue to increase, Canada and Mexico could both see a reversal of their previous growth trend on total scrap exports to the US. Imports of all other subcategories of plastic scrap, including polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinylchloride (PVC) were relatively steady. PE scrap imports made up 12% of Q3 plastic scrap imports, driven by shipments from Canada at 68% of the YTD volume, followed by Mexico at 17% of the YTD volume. Germany surprisingly has increased PE scrap exports to the US fourfold, though the total volume remains small, at 1,210 tonnes YTD. YTD, the US remains a net importer of plastic scrap. MEXICO REMAINS KEY BUYER OF US PET BALES Though exports of PET scrap, largely in the form of bales, fell QoQ tonnes, YTD volumes have already surpassed that of 2023. Mexico in particular continues to be a key end market for US bale material, making up 59% of the 18,362 tonnes of PET scrap exports. While the US has always exported a portion of domestic PET bale material to other countries, exports to Mexico have surged over the last year. This growing trade relationship is largely attributed to new capacity in Mexico, paired with strong local demand which has elevated local bale prices. As a result, Mexican recyclers have been purchasing US PET bales as a lower cost option with higher availability. YTD exports of PET scrap to Mexico are already 3,333 tonnes above 2023 total PET scrap volumes. Exports of US bales to Mexico, particularly from the Southern areas of the US such as Texas and parts of California, continue to challenge domestic recyclers, who struggle to secure adequate volumes of bale feedstock. Furthermore, as export demand continues put upwards pressure on bale pricing, local recyclers find themselves stuck between rising feedstock costs and very competitive import virgin and recycled pricing, thus unable to pass along those increased costs. PET scrap exports to Malaysia have also surpassed 2023 volumes, at present by over 2,400 tonnes. On the other hand, volumes to Germany are now 2,966 tonnes short of 2023, showing the shift from European demand to Asian and Mexican demand. Overall, exports of other types of plastic scrap continue to slow, following the Chinese National Sword and Basel Convention adoption several years ago. Total plastic scrap exports down QoQ but similar to levels seen this time last year. Canada and Mexico receive 56% of US plastic scrap exports, followed by several Asian countries including Malaysia, India, Vietnam and Indonesia which in total 28% of exports. PE continues to be a leading polymer type for US plastic scrap exports, coming in at 32,519 tonnes this quarter, roughly 32%. Insight by Emily Friedman

11-Nov-2024

SINGAPORE (ICIS)–Shares of petrochemical companies in Asia tumbled on Monday as China’s much-awaited stimulus measures failed to impress markets, while the US is likely to put up more trade barriers against the Asian giant following the re-election of Donald Trump as president. Asian equities defy Wall Street’s 8 Nov gains; oil prices fall China Oct consumer inflation at 0.3% compared with 0.4% in Sept China central bank cuts yuan reference rate At 06:53 GMT, crude futures were down a few cents, with Brent crude down 6 cents at $73.93/barrel, and US crude down 5 cents at $70.33/barrel. At 04:00 GMT, Mitsui Chemicals was down close to 2% and Sumitomo Chemical fell by almost 2% in Tokyo, while the benchmark Nikkei 225 was down by 0.39% at 39,347.79. In Seoul, LG Chem was rangebound, with South Korea’s KOSPI Index slumping by more than 1%. In Hong Kong, PetroChina was down more than 4% as the Hang Seng Index slipped by 2.2% to 20,270.77. In Kuala Lumpur, PETRONAS Chemicals Group (PCG) slumped by nearly 5% while the stock market index dipped by 0.3%. On 8 November, US stocks rallied after Trump’s re-election as market players expect corporate tax cuts, deregulation and larger fiscal deficits under his administration starting 2025. The S&P 500 rose by 0.4% to 5,995.54 on 8 November, while the Dow Jones Industrial Average was up by 0.59%, and the Nasdaq Composite closed 0.10% higher. THE TARIFF ISSUE Threats of potential tariffs of 20% on all imported goods and a rate of 60% or more on Chinese are worrying investors in Asia. “The spectre of tariffs [is] likely to lead to somewhat lower global growth, higher US inflation, possibly fewer Fed[eral Reserve interest] rate cuts, stronger USD [US dollar], higher bond yields amid a general rise in geopolitical and trade tensions,” Japan-based Nomura Global Markets Research said in a note on 10 November. However, Nomura emphasized that the timing of Trump’s policy as well as tariffs are still “major unknowns”, and that milder policy action is likely to offset initial price-action. The effects of potential tariffs have already led to frontloading exports to the US in October, a trend likely to continue into H1 2025. Chinese exports in October were up nearly 13% year on year amid a rush to ship goods ahead of any trade protectionist move by the US once Trump is back in power next year. On Monday, the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) adjusted down its daily reference rate at yuan (CNY) 7.1786 to the US dollar, a decline not seen since late 2023. A weaker yuan would help boost competitiveness of Chinese exports amid threats of tariffs. CHINA MEASURES FAIL TO LIFT DOWNBEAT MOOD Investor sentiment was dampened by a weaker-than-expected stimulus measures announced by China following the National People's Congress (NPC) meeting last week. The country’s top legislative body approved a bill on raising ceilings of local government debts, while allowing local governments to issue yuan (CNY) 6 trillion ($838 billion) of new bonds to swap with off-balance sheet debts, China finance minister Lan Fo’an had said on 8 November. Lackluster growth despite a stimulus package introduced in late September and a lack of further measures to encourage spending continues to weigh on sentiment. China’s consumer prices in October inched up by 0.3% year on year, slowing from the 0.4% growth in the previous month. The focus will now be on Singles’ Day, China’s equivalent of Black Friday in the US on Monday, where value-for-money purchases and online shopping will hopefully bolster overall consumption. “We suspect that given the shift toward value-for-money purchases and online shopping, we’ll continue to see solid growth numbers from the event that should comfortably outpace the overall consumption growth momentum,” Dutch-based bank ING said in a note on 7 November. Focus article by Jonathan Yee

11-Nov-2024

SAO PAULO (ICIS)–Brazil's central bank monetary policy committee (Copom) voted unanimously late on Wednesday to hike the main interest rate benchmark, the Selic, by 50 basis points to 11.25%, to fend off rising inflation and a depreciating Brazilian real. Central bank urges government to put fiscal house in order H1 October inflation data reveals that upward trend continues Despite high borrowing costs, car sales at decade-high in October The 50 basis point increase is a double-down on the first 25 basis point increase in September which put an end to the monetary policy easing which started in August 2023 after a post-inflation crisis. Copom did not mention the market fallout which followed US Republican candidate Donald Trump’s victory in the presidential election, as global investors are wary about radical changes in US trade policy via higher import tariffs, among others. Instead, Copom focused on the healthy domestic economy and strong labor market which has put upward pressure on prices. After a small fall in August, the annual rate of inflation ticked higher in September – an upward trend that started May – to stand at 4.4%. Indicators for H1 October showed inflation ticking up further to 4.5%. The Banco Central do Brasil's (BCB) own inflation expectations reflect this trend, with inflation expected to end this year at 4.6% before falling to 4.0% in 2025. The BCB’s mandate is to keep inflation at around 3%. “The scenario remains marked by resilient economic activity, labor market pressures, positive output gap, an increase in the inflation projections, and deanchored expectations, which requires a more contractionary monetary policy,” said Copom. “[Copom] judges that this decision [increase in the Selic] is consistent with the strategy for inflation convergence to a level around its target throughout the relevant horizon for monetary policy. Without compromising its fundamental objective of ensuring price stability, this decision also implies smoothing economic fluctuations and fostering full employment.” Petrochemical-intensive industrial companies have repeatedly said high interest rates have harmed sales as consumers think twice before purchasing durable goods on credit due to high borrowing costs. One vocal opponent to high rates is automotive trade group Anfavea, although its own figures this week showed sales riding at a high not seen since 2014, regardless of high borrowing costs. The automotive industry is a major global consumer of petrochemicals, which make up more than one-third of the raw material costs of an average vehicle, driving demand for chemicals such polypropylene (PP), nylon, polystyrene (PS), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), polyurethane (PU), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), among others. Meanwhile, Brazilian president Lula's cabinet is looking to strengthen the country's industrial sectors to fulfil his Workers Party (PT) electoral promise to create more and better paid industrial jobs. As a result, Lula and several of his  officials have repeatedly and publicly criticized the BCB for its interest rates policy. Meanwhile, central bank governor Roberto Campos Neto, appointed by the previous center-right Jair Bolsonaro administration, will end his term in December, when Lula appointed Gabriel Galipolo will succeed him. It is a move that has put some investors on alert due to his closeness to Lula, as he may prioritize the cabinet's demands instead of the bank's inflation target, its main mandate. But as global markets increasingly look at Brazil, Galipolo has fallen in line and also voted to increase rates in the last two Copom meetings. CABINET URGED TO END DEFICITThe Brazilian cabinet, presided over by Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, was expected to run a fiscal deficit this year in an attempt to expand public services without increasing taxes. Investors and analysts have been piling pressure on the government by punishing the Brazilian real (R), which has depreciated sharply in the past few months against the US dollar, making dollar-denominated imports into Brazil more expensive and ultimately filtering down in the form of higher inflation. At the start of 2024, the real was trading at $1:4.85. But the exchange rate stood at $1:5.69 on Wednesday, a depreciation of nearly 15%. On Wednesday, Copom joined the chorus of voices asking for stricter fiscal policy, arguing that to stop the real losing ground it is necessary a “credible fiscal policy committed to debt sustainability, with the presentation and execution of structural measures” in the public accounts. The Brazilian cabinet is reportedly working against the clock this week on those measures, and Finance Minister Fernando Haddad even cancelled an official trip to Europe this week to focus on this. “The perception of agents [in the market] about the fiscal scenario has significantly impacted asset prices and expectations, especially the risk premium and the exchange rate. [A credible fiscal policy] will contribute to the anchoring of inflation expectations and to the reduction in the risk premia of financial assets, therefore impacting monetary policy.” Analysts at Capital Economics on Wednesday also highlighted the diplomatic but very clear request from the central bank to the government – without stricter fiscal policies aiming to reduce the deficit, investors will continue making the central bank’s work on inflation harder as they bet against Brazilian assets, including its currency. “[The hike] has more to do with the domestic macro backdrop and shoring up monetary policy credibility than a response to the market fallout following Trump’s victory … [Copom’s] Concerns will have only been amplified by recent data and developments, with the accompanying statement reiterating that ‘economic activity and labor market continues to exhibit strength’,” the analysts said. “Alongside all of this, Copom members are probably also feeling compelled to tighten policy in order to shore up their credibility amid investor concerns about politicization of monetary policy. This strikes at an important point – the central bank is responding to Brazil-specific factors rather than the financial market fallout from Trump’s victory, especially given that the real is up by around 1% against the dollar today [6 November].” Capital Economics said Copom’s intention to raise rates further if necessary is likely to become a reality in coming months, expecting the Selic to rise further by 75bps more to reach 12% in early 2025. “That said, the risks are skewed to the upside, particularly if the government fails to soothe investors’ concerns about the fiscal position.” they concluded. Focus article by Jonathan Lopez 

07-Nov-2024

HOUSTON (ICIS)–Several ICIS market experts share insightful facts related to their respective plastics markets, amid conversations with industry professionals at PackExpo '24. Though each market comes with a host of uncertainties, the broader US plastic packaging industry continues to navigate mixed demand and various supply challenges in 2024 and beyond. Bottled beverage sector made up 15% of all US packaging revenue in 2023. US polyethylene terephthalate (PET) production to remain 3 billion lb short of domestic demand in 2025. US polystyrene (PS) production has been impacted by outages since July 2024. US polypropylene (PP) prices have been volatile, with price movements 11 out of the last 12 months. US polyethylene (PE) inventories are the highest they have been since May 2023. US recycled PET (R-PET) market facing onslaught of imports. 2Q2024 PET scrap import volumes were above 125 million lb. PackExpo runs through 7 November and is hosted in Chicago, Illinois.

06-Nov-2024

SAO PAULO (ICIS)–Brazil’s petrochemicals-intensive automotive sector posted in October its best sales since 2014 at nearly 265,000 units, the country’s trade group Anfavea said on Wednesday. Healthy sales at home propped up output, which stood at nearly 250,000 units during October and was also propped by overseas sales, with exports rising during the month, compared with September. Year-to-date in October, however, exports still register a negative reading of more than 7%, when compared with the same 10-month period of 2023, as key trading partners such as Argentina remain in financial trouble, reducing consumers’ purchases of Brazilian-manufactured vehicles. “Although this was the second-best month of the year in terms of production, we are still below the registrations, due to the high volume of imports,” said Anfavea’s president, Marcio de Lima, focusing on an issue – imports from China, specifically – which the trade group have been raising alarms for much of this year. In July, Anfavea said several producers with facilities in Brazil – most of them the traditional, established players – are pointing to an “uncontrolled” influx of cars manufactured overseas which are hitting domestic producers’ market share. China-produced vehicles, most of them electric or hybrid, are quickly gaining market share in Brazil and elsewhere in Latin America. Anfavea called on the government to establish tariffs as other jurisdictions – the US or the EU – have done on China-manufactured vehicles. “Another good news in October was the increase of 7,000 direct jobs in the last 12 months, with the potential to generate another 70,000 jobs in the automotive chain. This is the indicator that makes us happiest, as we have great responsibility for the approximately 1.2 million workers in the automotive sector,” said De Lima. Brazil automotive October September Change January-October 2024 January-October 2023 Change Production 249,200 230,000 8.3% 2,123,400 1,950,600 8.9% Sales 264,900 236,300 12.1% 2,124,000 1,847,500 15% Exports 43,500 41,600 4.6% 327,800 354,200 -7.4% The automotive industry is a major global consumer of petrochemicals, which make up more than one-third of the raw material costs of an average vehicle. The automotive sector drives demand for chemicals such as polypropylene (PP), along with nylon, polystyrene (PS), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), polyurethane (PU), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

06-Nov-2024

LONDON (ICIS)–Europe markets tumbled in afternoon trading on Wednesday, reversing earlier gains as the euro fell in value against the US dollar amid fears over the introduction of fresh tariff measures by the incoming US administration. A robust start to the day by Europe stock exchanges reversed course as trading continued. A speedy resolution to a US political fight that had been expected to be closer-fought and potentially take longer to be decided reassured investors, but a surging dollar and jitters over the potential for fresh duties on exports to Europe unsettled traders. Robust trading goosed stock valuations across Europe shortly after press called the election for Donald Trump, with bourses in Germany, France and the UK up 0.85%-1.15% That rally subsided over the course of the day as a surging dollar and tariff worries unsettled markets, with the value of the euro dropping 2 cents against the dollar, from $1.09:€1 on Tuesday evening to $1.07:€1 in afternoon trading on Wednesday. Germany’s DAX index was trading down 1.18% while France’s CAC 40 had shed 0.83% of its value and the UK FTSE 100 slumped 0.23% as of 16:13 GMT. Particularly hard-hit were German automaker stocks, with Volkswagen shares plunging 5.70%, Porsche down 4.54%, BMW plummeting 6.47% and Mercedes-Benz shares dropping 6.44% on fears of steeper tariffs on vehicle exports to the US. The new president-elect had spoken on the campaign trail of plans for additional import tariffs, particularly for China but also for Europe. Donald Trump has set out plans to impose tariffs of up to 20% on all external trading partners and 60% on products from China, which economics institute Ifo estimated could cost Germany-based businesses €33 billion per year if they are introduced. Germany-based chemicals trade body VCI on Wednesday stated that businesses in both Germany and the EU need to diversify trade flows along with improving international competitiveness, due to the prominence of the US as a destination. The US is Germany’s second-largest trading partner after the EU. “For firms, uncertainty over the US tariff regimes for their industry and the risk of retaliatory measures by policymakers elsewhere will clearly be a huge problem when forward planning,” said Oxford Economics director of global macro research Ben May. “This, combined with potentially higher borrowing costs, could be a strong disincentive to delay or cancel investment,” he added. US markets are substantially more bullish at present, with the Dow and Nasdaq trading up 3.15% and 2.02% as of 16:34. Canada exchanges booked more modest increases, while central and southern American exchanges fared worse, with the Brazil Stock Exchange Index and Mexico’s S&P/BMV IPC index trading down. (Clarification: recasts eighth paragraph)

06-Nov-2024

SAO PAULO (ICIS)–Brazil’s private sector posted in October the fastest rate of expansion since mid-2022, analysts at S&P Global said on Tuesday. S&P's composite PMI index stood in October at a very healthy 55.6 points, up from September’s 55.2 points. Any reading above 50.0 points shows economic expansion. S&P compiles the composite PMI index putting together the manufacturing and services indices, according to each's weight in the economy. Last week, S&P said Brazil’s petrochemicals-intensive manufacturing sectors had performed well in October thanks to a healthy order book, both in the domestic market as well as abroad, with export orders rising. This week, the analysts said the services sectors – which are predominant in the economy – had also posted healthy performance in October, with the index at 56.2 points, up from 55.8 points in September. COMPOSITE PMI“Stronger increases in both factory production and services activity fueled growth of Brazilian private sector output … The main determinant of growth was a substantial improvement in demand for goods and services. Aggregate sales increased at the quickest pace in 28 months, spurred by a faster increase in the service economy,” said S&P. “Less encouragingly, employment data showed the joint weakest rise in private sector jobs since October 2023. Manufacturers hired staff at the slowest pace for 10 months, while cost considerations at service providers led to a broad stagnation of recruitment efforts. Input costs at the composite level rose at the weakest rate in four months, reflecting a notable slowdown in the manufacturing industry.” BRAZIL MANUFACTURING PMI October September August July June May April March February January December 2023 November PMI index 52.9 53.2 50.4 54.0 52.5 52.1 55.9 53.6 54.1 52.8 48.4 49.4 Source: S&P Global

05-Nov-2024